Thallium


 * Element Name:** Thallium


 * Element Symbol:** Tl


 * Atomic Mass:** 204[[image:Thallium.png width="216" height="288" align="right"]]


 * Atomic Number:** 81


 * Protons:** 81


 * Electrons:** 81


 * Discovery:** William Crookes and Auguste Lamy, 1861


 * How It Was Named:** William and Auguste were studying sludge for tellurium, but they didn't see yellow spectral lines, and instead saw a green line that nobody had seen before. They named it after the Greek word "thallos" meaning "a green shoot or twig".


 * State of Matter:** Solid


 * Melting Point:** 304°C


 * Boiling Point:** 1473°C


 * Characteristics:** Its color is silver white. It is toxic. It resembles lead, but is soft. When near water, thallium hydroxide (TIOH) forms, which is poisonous.


 * Uses:** 60-70% is in the electronic industry. The other 30-40% is used in the medical industry and in glass manufacturing.


 * Interesting Facts:** A suspected human carcinogen, and was once available as rat poison. It is also in the air pollution from gas emission of cement factories, coal burning power plants, and metal sewers. Pure Thallium costs $48 per 100 grams.

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